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    December 18

    冬天,为什么要在树的下半部分,涂上白色的石灰?

    树干,常常被刷成白色,远远看去,整齐而又漂亮。然而,人们把它刷成白色,主要倒不在乎好看。

    这白色的东西是人们在100斤水中加入20斤到40斤生石灰调成的石灰水。

    树木刷了石灰水,有这麼几个好处:

    第一、石灰具有一定的杀菌、杀虫作用,可以杀死寄生在树干上的一些越冬的真菌、细菌和害虫。

    第二、由於害虫一般都喜欢黑色、航脏的地方,不喜欢白色、乾净的地方。树干涂上了雪白的石灰水,土壤裹的害虫便不敢沿著树干爬到树上来捣蛋。
    冬天以前一些昆虫的幼虫会往树上爬,在树皮缝中过冬并在来年春天在树上生存,以树叶为食.石灰粉可以杀死藏在树皮中的虫子,由于虫子一般只爬到大约一米高的地方,所以人们也只涂一米高的石灰.

    第三、冬天,夜裏温度很低;到了白天,受到阳光的照射,气温升高,而树干是黑褐色的,易於吸收热量,树干温度也上升很快。这样一冷一热,使树干容易冻裂。尤其是大树,树干粗,颜色深,而且组织韧性又比较差,更容易裂开。涂了石灰水后,由於石灰是白色的,能够使40%-70%的阳光被反射掉,因此树干在白天和夜间的温度相差不大,就不易裂开。

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